锻造工艺过程一般由以下工序组成，即选取钢坯下料、加热、成形、锻后冷却。锻造的工艺方法有自由锻、模锻和胎膜锻。生产时，按锻件质量的大小，锻造，生产批量的多少选择不同的锻造方法。

The forging process is generally  of the following processes， namely， the selection of high billets， heating， forming and cooling after forging. The forging process includes free forging， die forging and fetal membrane forging. When manufacturing，锻造价格， according to the size of forgings and the number of production batches， different forging methods are chosen.

碾环是指通过专用设备碾环机生产不同直径的环形零件，主要用来生产汽车轮毂、火车车轮等轮形零件。特种锻造包括辊锻、楔横轧、径向锻造、液态模锻等锻造方式，这些方式都比较适用于生产特殊形状的零件。

Roller ring refers to the production of circular parts with different diameters through the roller ring machine of special e， which is mainly used to produce wheel hub， train wheel and other wheel shaped parts. Special forgings include roll forging， cross wedge rolling，圣霖锻造， radial forging， liquid forging and so on. These methods are suitable for producing parts with special shape.

自由锻造分手工自由锻和机器自由锻。手工自由锻生产效率低，劳动强度大，仅用于修配或简单、小型、小批锻件的生产。

Manual free forging is inefficient and labor intensive. It is only used for the production of repair or simple， small and small forgings.Free forging cists of manual free forging and machine free forging.

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