锻件是金属被施加压力，通过塑性变形塑造要求的形状或合适的压缩力的物件。这种力量典型的通过使用铁锤或压力来实现。锻件过程建造了精致的颗粒结构，并改进了金属的物理属性。

A forged piece is an object that is applied to the metal by pressure to shape the required shape or the appropriate compression force by plastic deformation. This force is typically achieved by using a hammer or pressure. The process of forging has built a fine particle structure and improved the physical properties of the metal.

定期对设备进行保养，所有的操作者工作之前必须带好防护用具。在进行锻造作业时，几个操作者之间要集中精力，互相配合，躲开危险方向，选择相对安全的位置。

Maintenance of equipment on a regular basis, and all operators must take protective equipment before working. In the process of forging, several operators should their energy, cooperate with each other, avoid the dangerous direction, and choose a relatively safe.

自由锻生产率低，加工余量大，但工具简单，通用性大，故被广泛用于锻造形状较简单的单件、小批生产的锻件。自由锻设备有空气锤、蒸汽-空气锤和水压机等，分别适合小、中和大型锻件的生产。

Free forging has many advantages such as low productivity, large machining allowance, but simple tool and versatility. So it is widely used for forging single piece and small batch forgings with simpler shape. The free forging equipments include air hammer, steam air hammer and hydraulic press, etc., which are suitable for the production of small and medium heavy forgings, respectively.