自由锻。指用简单的通用性工具，或在锻造设备的上、下砧铁之间直接对坯料施加外力,使坯料产生变形而获得所需的几何形状及内部质量的锻件的加工方法。 采用自由锻方法生产的锻件称为 自由锻件。

Free forging. It refers to the processing method of forgings directly using the external force between the upper and the lower anvil of forging equipment, so as to get the required geometry and internal quality by applying external force directly to the billet. Forgings produced by free forging are called free forgings.

若因温度和变形程度选择不当而得到粗大晶粒时，可利用热处理相变细化晶粒组织，但对于热处理中不发生相变的钢种，如奥氏体钢，就必须在锻造过程中获得细小而均匀的晶粒组织，因此对这样的材料在锻造时须加倍注意。

If the temperature and degree of deformation and improper selection of coarse grains, the grain refinement phase change heat treatment, but for the steel phase transition does not occur in the heat treatment, such as austenitic steel, it must be in the forging process have fine and uniform grains, so this kind of material in the forging must pay more attention to.

自由锻造是靠人工操作来控制锻件的形状和尺寸的，所以锻件精度低，加工余量大，劳动强度大，生产率也不高，因此它主要应用于单件、小批量生产。

Free forging is by manual operation to the shape and size of the forgings, so the precision of the forgings is low, the processing allowance is large, the labor intensity is big, and the productivity is not high. Therefore, it is mainly used in single piece and small batch production.

自由锻造分手工自由锻和机器自由锻。手工自由锻生产效率低，劳动强度大，仅用于修配或简单、小型、小批锻件的生产。

Manual free forging is inefficient and labor intensive. It is only used for the production of repair or simple, small and small forgings.Free forging cists of manual free forging and machine free forging.